reflexes and complex behaviour ppt

Reflex, or reflex action, is the 0000002364 00000 n trailer <<4E47607B0D3B4A749418E2E5A7C23E96>]/Prev 267197>> startxref 0 %%EOF 201 0 obj <>stream Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. This reflex starts when the corner of the baby's mouth is stroked or touched. Both reflexes and instincts help an organism adapt to its environment and do not have to be learned. 169 0 obj <> endobj xref 169 33 0000000016 00000 n ��4(��"��0,�z`ݨ�$��=E��Ǆ��_�W�9q��^��S ;�1p3>וb�¬!� � ��c&�� +�NΆt�-�K��V��BF6�-|lL`n>��98�0na��{��@�@A�q�� 0000002232 00000 n 0000001733 00000 n Abdul Qahar {{Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan}} (Buner Campus), No public clipboards found for this slide, Lecturer at Government College for Women, Srikakulam. This type of behavior is encountered when consumers are buying an expensive, infrequently bought product. Similar to the Moro reflex ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 2188d9-ZDc1Z ��2�@��A��XLV�휬%��#98^�X94^��A3=��T�. Examples of monosynaptic reflex arcs in humans include the patellar reflex and the Achilles reflex. It is difficult to draw a firm line between reflexes and complex behaviour. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Definition of Reflex: Reflexes are involuntary, unlearned, simple responses to particular stimuli. 0000034846 00000 n 0000033643 00000 n Reflexes • Reflex: – A stereotyped pattern of movement of a part of the body that is reliably elicited by presentation of specific stimulus. This important reflex usually integrates into the adult startle response by four months. 0000004955 00000 n Some reflexes occur only in specific periods of development. 2. The Moro Reflex creates instant arousal of the baby’s survival systems. Other articles where Innate reflex is discussed: infancy: …infants display a set of inherited reflexes involving such acts as sucking, blinking, grasping, and limb withdrawal. As nouns the difference between instinct and reflex is that instinct is a natural or inherent impulse or behaviour while reflex is an automatic response to a simple stimulus which does not require mental processing. Thus, in the light of the reflex theory and in particular of the above mentioned ideas of Pavlov, Sherrington, Magnus and others, concerning the complex functional architecture of inborn reflexes and different levels they are called Retained Primitive Reflexes and they are a problem Have you ever burnt yourself on a stove? 0000010589 00000 n – If the Moro Reflex is strong… • there can be many interruptions with feeding if the child is constantly reacting to noises or sudden movements – A present Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex … • may cause problems with the holding and/or positioning for feeding, Reflex action is a rapid, automatic, motor response to the sensory stimulus without conscious control of the brain. h�b```c``�a`e`�dd@ A�;�F�d6��M�� !��R�c4�Ys��!��)rH:��r9>ᘤ��!Qx �Z��!�B��H�qڔ��1��K÷��N��v 5�d=پ�M��˨�F��rNRr��pja[��FHӓÏ��(�r'9+y�tZ"�&ǣ23�Z��;�*�}�-J��Z`И��Pɤ�9E��H��sEC; L&% ��RD��M�&��B important complex inborn reflexes, in which the main branch od the arc is located in the hypothalamic region. Properties of Reflexes: Many of the properties of synapses are also applicable for reflexes because in any reflex arc, there will be at least one synapse. 0000003871 00000 n Animal behavior as Learn about behaviors that are pre-programmed into an animal's genes, including reflexes and fixed action patterns. • Follow the sensory neuron from the spindle (receptor) to where it connects with the motor neuron in the spinal cord. REFLEXES— Another behavior unit of a simple character is the reflex which occurs in animals with nervous systems. They are more complex patterns of behavior, involve movement of the organism as a whole (e.g., sexual activity and migration), and involve higher brain centers. 0000010505 00000 n Even newborns are sensitive to certain visual patterns, chiefly … Primitive Reflexes and Swallowing • Some primitive reflexes interfere with achievement of swallowing. [ȆJ�k�D �"��+�u�/�F4��F]�(��&8(L�X�� 2��w�8��懿ζ߂��! – All reflexes involve an innate relationship between a stimulus and a response. You can change your ad preferences anytime. everything that is perceived as painful in humans potentially also causes pain in animals . By contrast, pathological anxiety is an inappropriate response to an external or internal stimulus. Reflexes Learning and Behaviour, A Window into the Child’s Mind, Sally Goddard, Fern Ridge Press, 2005, Page 1. 0000005455 00000 n Nursing, Foraging/ searching for food. Normal anxiety is an advantageous response to a threatening situation that accompanies many aspects of daily life. They are more complex patterns of behavior, involve movement of the organism as a whole (e.g., sexual activity and migration), and involve higher brain centers. 2. Healthcare providers check reflexes to determine if the brain and nervous system are working well. Visceral reflexes—Marey’s reflex, micturition reflex, vomiting reflex, defecation reflex, etc. 0000003000 00000 n Reflexes are controlled by the part of the brain called the cerebellum, or primitive brain - animals do not have conscious control over them. 0000030140 00000 n H��Rߋ�0~�_��a�e;��wc��m3졌Rw��K�v�m��d�ɹ0E��O�=��o��0{��\� ��#��+�Q )�>�}�t�l�IBw�?�t}6{C�or��.C�n�`-�R��R ��=e��&�R4�P��X$Q��ѡ� F�c�=}��)�=�k2bZ|q�EaR�n��#..��&*/Vg�7�&;�M�y�W�}�J=*��X��)��S�(/pS�Tͦ�S�O�� @k��Xw.�p�S�ݩ�FH��F: Deep reflexes—knee jerk, biceps jerk, ankle jerk, jaw jerk, etc. Pulling our hands away immediately after touching a hot or cold object is a classic example of a reflex action. a. Reflexes maintain homeostasis (autonomic reflexes) – heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, and digestion. 0 ��E endstream endobj 178 0 obj <>stream REFLEX THEORY. According Roller et al (2012) in Contemporary Issues and Theories of Motor Control, Motor Learning, and Neuroplasticity, the production and control of human movement is a process that varies from a simple reflex loop to a complex network of neural patterns that communicate throughout the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). When these reflexes are not integrated, they yield inefficiencies in motor control, eye-hand coordination, sensory perception, emotional behaviour, attention, and/or higher cognitive abilities. Sometimes it is difficult to differentiate between reflexes and complex behavior. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Examples of reflexes include shivering in response to the cold, or blinking when an object flies toward the eye. 0000010435 00000 n For example, every healthy human baby has a sucking reflex, present at birth. 0000033381 00000 n 0000021120 00000 n copycat behavior in social animals-Allelomimetic- contagious behavior. As adjectives the difference between instinct and reflex is that instinct is (archaic) imbued, charged ((with) something) while reflex is bent, turned back or reflected. TERMS TO KNOW 1. The long term results of such treatment is better social behavior, improvement in academic and motor learning, and overall improvement in physical health, emotional health, and overall well being. %PDF-1.7 %�� THs�8�;�4#X��+�?��.%`�@��P�:@��E` �� A��C endstream endobj 170 0 obj <>>>/Metadata 167 0 R/Outlines 152 0 R/Pages 164 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 171 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Tabs/W/Thumb 153 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 172 0 obj <> endobj 173 0 obj <> endobj 174 0 obj [/ICCBased 186 0 R] endobj 175 0 obj <> endobj 176 0 obj <> endobj 177 0 obj <>stream 2. Sir Charles Sherrington in 1906 wrote book The Interactive Action of the Nervous System reflexes were the building blocks of complex behaviour a reflex requires a stimulus and results in a response He also saw chaining of simple reflexes Theorists suggest that one reflex becomes the stimulus for another The following is a list of the primitive reflexes seen in infants and the time frame associated with each one: Moro Reflex: This reflex acts as the baby’s “fight or flight” response to the world. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. 0000030550 00000 n Buy Images here: armandoh.org/shop"A reflex is a subconscious stimulus response mechanism. reflexes can be inhibited- allowing for proper neurological development to take place. Mechanism of reflex action. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Reflexes are automatic, subconscious response to changes within or outside the body. Reflex action is a sudden and involuntary response to stimuli. 0000007786 00000 n Infants’ vision improves from 20/800 (in Snellen notation) among two-week-olds to 20/70 vision in five-month-olds to 20/20 at five years. 0000001557 00000 n (More about the Moro Reflex further in the article) 0000006738 00000 n 0000003265 00000 n 0000002886 00000 n I'm passionate about helping parents like you because I have been in your shoes. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. 2. the infant-startle reflex, is an automatic reaction to a sudden change in sensory stimuli: sudden bright light, loud noise, touch, change in body posi-tion, temperature, etc. Reflex arcs that contain only two neurons, a sensory and a motor neuron, are considered monosynaptic. Innate behavior Instinct – (reflexes and responses) what the animal has at birth (innate behavior). can trigger the Moro Reflex. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. 0000006188 00000 n Avoidance conflict designed to inhibit an ongoing behavior that is characteristic for the animal, such as contrasting the tendency of mice to engage in exploratory activity or social investigation against the aversive properties of an open, brightly lit, or elevated space. The reflex arc is a highly specialized mechanism of the stimulus-response type. Reflexes Learning and Behaviour, A Window into the Child’s Mind, Sally Goddard, Fern Ridge Press, 2005, Page 7. This is called a simple reflex arc. 0000020863 00000 n Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. More complex reflexes comprise processing interneurons among the sensory and motor neurons and also specialized receptors. The following are some of the normal reflexes seen in newborn babies: Rooting reflex. 0000007312 00000 n • Follow the motor neuron to the muscle (effector). Postural Reflexes Righting Reflex - reflexive turning of shoulders and trunk in the direction of the head, presents at birth and is observed until about 4 months, at which time, it is integrated into voluntary movements Optical-Head Righting Reflex - emerges at 2-3 months, remains for life, related to balance and eye movement 0000030113 00000 n 0000034807 00000 n Did you have to say, 'Wow that is hot; I need to remove my hand!'? Moro reflex. Imagine buying a house or a car; these are an example of a complex buying behavior. • Example: – Flexion reflex • Can be viewed as as feedback system 0000056382 00000 n The Moro reflex — sometimes referred to as the “startle reaction” — causes an infant to tightly grip his mother when he feels like he’s falling, … Z� ��ϩ�'��*\�mG! You moved your hand immediately because of a reflex. 7:Instinct Instinct is the inherent inclination of a living organismtoward a particular complex behavior. As they are integrated they give rise to moremature neurological functions. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Inhibition of Primitive Reflexes will also help develop a No! Complex behaviour can incorporate many reflexes. 0000020594 00000 n Both reflexes and instincts help an organism adapt to its environment and do not have to be learned. For example, the swallowing reflex is the culmination of elaborate food-seeking behaviour. The reflexes emerge at different periods of the brain development. 0000006023 00000 n Learned behavior Habituation – learning to respond without thinking, response to certain stimulus is established as a result of habituation. }��*��TS�l�}��C��.�ԯ�~-ͨ��l�e��}~d��`��+C�%�=�P��nRC=�PG*K�LØ�K �?�;�(��R%�*.,h�l�0��P�q��aPO̯%